Syntax
Syntax is one of the branches of linguistics that studies
rules that determine how words form phrases and phrases to form sentences.
Review how the sentence is formed and language users use
a special variation that allows forming elements in sentences.
There are two parts of the sentence that are very
important in analyzing syntax, namely:
1) Phrase
2) Clause.
Phrase
Phrases are groups of words that have a function as a unit in a sentence (a group of words that make up a grammatical unit)
1. Nomina phrase
A noun phrase is a noun or pronominal which is preceded by a determinant or article or a noun that is preceded by one or more adjectives which are entirely preceded by the article. Example:
a) The Doctor
det noun
b) A beautiful girl
det adjective noun
2. Verb Phrase
The verb phrase is a phrase consisting of a combination of axiliary verbs and verbs. Example :
Binar has taken the job.
aux verb
He has been coming late everyday.
aux verb
3. Adjective Phrase
Adjective phrases are phrases derived from adjectives used to characterize nouns or pronouns, for example:
Tony lost his dark brown briefcase.
AdjP
4. Adverb Phrase
Adverbial phrases are phrases that function as adverbs used to describe verbs, for example:
Mika usually gets up early.
AdvP
5. Prepositional Phrase
The book on the bathroom floor is swollen from shower steam.
Prep. P
Clause
1 Free Clause
A free
clause is a clause that has a complete structure and has the potential to be a
major sentence.
2.
Dependent Clause
Dependent
clauses are clauses that have an incomplete structure, usually accompanied by
elements of subordinate conjunction.
Examples
of Application of Syntax in Sentences
1. Both
of them love each other
Explanation:
In this example, the subject is "both of them" (the phrase), the verb is verb 1, namely "love" (word), and the object is "each other" (phrase). All components of subject, verb, and sequential objects show syntax.
In this example, the subject is "both of them" (the phrase), the verb is verb 1, namely "love" (word), and the object is "each other" (phrase). All components of subject, verb, and sequential objects show syntax.
2. I
joined the chat room yesterday
Explanation:
This example also shows the subject ("I" word), verb 2 ("joined", the word from verb 1 "join"), and the object ("the chat room", phrase) sequentially according to the syntax rule . After that, there is a word that shows the description of time, namely "yesterday".
This example also shows the subject ("I" word), verb 2 ("joined", the word from verb 1 "join"), and the object ("the chat room", phrase) sequentially according to the syntax rule . After that, there is a word that shows the description of time, namely "yesterday".
